Ectopic tachycardia (ATE) is a rare arrhythmia; however, it is the most common form of non-stop supraventricular tachycardia (SVT) in children. Ectopic tachycardia is thought to be secondary to increased automaticity of one or more non-sinus atria. This arrhythmia, also known as ectopic atrial tachycardia or automatic atrial tachycardia, is closely associated with tachycardia-induced cardiomyopathy. Atrial ectopic tachycardia usually does not require medical treatment and usually does not respond to direct current (DC) heart movement.

 Diagnosis of ectopic tachycardia is based on the presence of narrow-complex tachycardia (in the absence of aberrations or preexisting bundle branch block) with visible P waves at an inappropriate frequency. The frequencies range from 120 to 300 beats per minute (bpm) and are generally above 200 bpm, although physiological frequencies may be observed (see EKG).

 Patients with extra-atrial tachycardia may present with circulatory collapse similar to patients with cardiomyopathy. Immediate flow control is desired in these cases. Three options are available for the long-term treatment of patients with ectopic tachycardia: arrhythmia inhibitors or ventricular response control, catheter ablation, or, rarely, surgery.

Atrial tachycardia is a supraventricular tachycardia (SVT) that does not require an atrioventricular (AV) junction, accessory pathway, or ventricular tissue to be initiated and maintained. In addition to people with heart disease, including congenital heart disease, atrial tachycardia can also occur in people with structurally normal hearts.

In clinical practice, three main types of tachycardia are observed: focal atrial tachycardia, multifocal atrial tachycardia (MAT) and recurrent atrial tachycardia. These arrhythmias have a unique arrhythmogenic basis and characteristics.

 Focal atrial tachycardia arises from a focal atrial site and is characterized by regular and organized atrial activity with discrete P waves and usually an isoelectric interval between the P waves.") and at the end. ("warm up"). The mapping of the atrium shows an origin.

 MAT is an irregular supraventricular tachycardia characterized by three distinct P wave morphologies and / or patterns of atrial activation at different rates. The rhythm is always irregular.

 Reversible atrial tachycardia is commonly seen after cardiac surgery or catheter ablation with linear lesions resulting in small scarring. Re-entry atrial tachycardia is often nonstop and can lead to cardiomyopathy.

 In structurally normal patients, atrial tachycardia is associated with low mortality. Patients with underlying structural heart disease, congenital heart disease, or lung disease are less likely to tolerate this rhythm disturbance.

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With Regards,
Jessica Lopez
Journal of Cardiac and Pulmonary Rehabilitation

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